In the early 2000s, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells emerged on the scene with promise as a revolutionary cancer treatment. However, several key challenges and, in particular, downsides related to manufacturing, continue to hamper broad adoption of this therapeutic approach. In addition, existing CAR-T cell therapies are based on autologous approaches (i.e. using the own patient’s cells), meaning that product has to be individually made for each patient. This presents a true challenge in terms of scalability and having the product available for a large patient population.